Right lets tackle the line speed first. The main factor that will dictate your line speed is the length of copper between you and the exchange as the signal loses strength the further is has to travel. As the length of the line increases the greater the impact of noise on the signal. There is a balance between the line speed and line quality, if the line profile is set too high then the SNR (signal to noise ratio) will be too low and create loss of sync and errors.
Your SNR value will fluctuate throughout the day and is normally lower during the evening, this tends to be due to the exchanges having a larger volume of residential customers calling each other etc. Noise can be induced on your line by electrical devices, I remember someone on these forums mentioned their SNR would drop when the street light was switched on, this would be due to the electromagnetic field generated by the light inducing a signal and therefore noise on their telephone line. So it's not that far fetched to suggest large outdoor Christmas lights could have the same effect.
AM radio can also induce signals on ADSL lines after the microfilter so it's always good practice to install your router as close as possible to the master socket with a short cable between the two. Microfilters can go wrong, I would recommend you install a face plate if possible instead of buying another microfilter from
http://www.solwise.co.uk/adsl_splitters.htm.
I hope that helps clear things up
